Populations of children and pregnant women among the urban poor are increasing. Economic and social deprivation at early ages can impact upon subsequent health, developmental, and social well-being in adolescence and adulthood. Our research focuses on maternal well-being, pregnancy outcomes, and social determinants of children's health and development using developmental and life course perspectives. Specific areas of research include housing and children's well-being, neighbourhoods and children's health and development in the US and Canada and prevention and social determinants of adverse infant outcomes at birth, such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and infant mortality. Research methods include population-based studies and evaluations of social interventions.
Jim Dunn, Patricia O’Campo, Joel Ray
Funded by the US National Institutes for Child Health and Human
Development, this partnership between universities and community
organizations
will design and implement a national multi-site, community-based
research project to study the environmental, social, individual
and biological determinants of adverse pregnancy and child outcomes.
Funded by the US Maternal and Child Health Bureau, this multi-site
partnership between universities and state health departments
examines the importance of policy-relevant residential factors that
contribute
to racial, socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in adverse
perinatal outcomes in the state of Maryland.
Funded by the US National Institute for Child Health and Human
Development, this study explores the influence of the family and
community on
parent involvement in school and on the behaviour and performance
of elementary schoolchildren. Four hundred eighty first-grade
children in 60 Baltimore neighbourhoods will be followed for one
year, and
home interviews and primary data collection of neighbourhood
characteristics will be conducted.
Funded by the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development,
this project is concerned with how biological, psychological
and social factors impact upon the risk of preterm birth in a high
risk sample residing in Baltimore, Maryland.
Funded by the Vancouver Richmond Health Board, this project analyses
so-called neighbourhood effects on the readiness of children to
learn upon entry into kindergarten, using data collected on over
3,600
kindergarten students in the Vancouver School District.
Funded by the Institute of Population and
Public Health and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, this
study examines effects of being
re-housed from high-rent, private rental housing into rent-geared-to-income
social housing in three regions in western Toronto. Main outcomes
include cognitive development, mental health and behavioural problems
of school-aged children.
We will study more than 150,000 women to assess whether
weight gain between two consecutive pregnancies is a risk factor
for poor outcomes
for mother and child.
This initiative aims to improve the well-being
of pregnant women living in homeless shelters. The project documents
and addresses
the inequalities in health care within a group of women and children
whose burdens of illness and disability are high.